Pile fabric



'F. OTT.

PILE FABRIC.

vAPPucATloN FILED' APR.11,1919.

Patented May 31, 1921.

- 2 SHEETS-sneer l M75/WM ffderab LL 17m/iwan FREDERICK OTT, OFNORRIISTOWN, I"ENNSYLVANZIA;u ASSIGNOR, BY' MESNE. ASSIGrNi iiiEN'rs,TCA. '.r; BAKER & COMPANY, INC., or MANiiYiiii-K,4 PENNSYLVANIN'A.

CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

PILE FABRIC.

. Specification of Letters IEatent.; Ptnted MaX/'31, 1921 ,y

Application vfiled. Apri1`11, 41919. Serial No. 289,290.

T o all whom t may concern.

Be it kno-wn that I, Y FREDERICK CTT, a

.. citizen of the,l United. States, residing at Norristown, county of`Montgomery, and

StateofPennsylvania, have Iinvented a new and.. useful Improvement invPileFabrics.

of which the following is ay full, clear, .and

n exact description, reference beinghad tothe accompanyingdrawings,which form a part ofV this speciication.

My invention relates to cut pile fabrics wherein two backing fabrics,connected by pile. warps. yextending continuously through both y'fabricsyandfrom one to the other, are

cutvin aplane midway between and parallel to both backingfabrics to formtwo halves, each constituting a complete finished fabric having..` onone facev al multitude upright cut pile ends.

The fabric displays characteristics, com? mon .to `woven pilefabricsinthat it is composed of a top backing, a bottom backing, pile warpthreads which interlacewith the weft or4 filler threads of both backingsand also extend=betweenthe Atop andbottom fabrics, and. binder. warpthreads each of which extends throughY onlyA a singleA backing. The.fabric. is conveniently wovenl on a double loom, two liller shots. orweft picks beingl thrown simultaneously.-

The fabric also displays features which are. not common to woven: pilefabricshavf, ingthe characteristics speci-fied.l In aplthe fabric.

pearance, it exhibits atufted face whichis smooth and uniform, withoutthe` eect of twilling.4 andJ without; parallel ridges or grooves. Inmany. pile fabrics, these ridges l j or grooves aregreadily noticeable,presenting often the 4appearance,.in certain lights, of

parallellines extending across :the face of The twill effect, isobservable even in .many pile fabrics which .are Idevoid vofthexridges-or grooves or` parallel line effectandf indeedfis very apt.to develop in any. weave. Ywhich is devised ito eliminate the otherobjectionable appearances... Another valuablecharacteristic of4 my newfabric is that localized severe pressure or friction.

willfnot permanently mar/thev fabric, the

interlacingf ofthe yarn being. such as to tend.y torestore displacedorvflattened pile threads to normal position.

Thelffabricinvolves not only alparticular of short T eprice.. 'I

arrangement of pile warpthreads but .apar-fv ticular arrangementofbinderwarp threads,

whereby each pile threadis-secur'ely held in proper relation totheilling'threads with yilhich` it engages and to the' adjacent pile VTheinvention will vbe better,` understood by referenceto the accompanyingdrawings,

threads being indicated by singlelines toY differentiate from the doublelines by which the pile threads vare indicated.

Fig` 3 is awview,` similar to Fig. 2*, .of the?. y

of" the ,second set..

pile warp threads y view of one ofthe `back- Fig. 4 is a, plan ings:fabric of Figs. 2 and 3 rection of. the arrows.

the same beingxa sectionthrough ther looking in thedij The .space.between the. threads relatively.

to the size of the threads isjgreatly exag.-

gerated in orderthat the constructionmay be more readily understood.. v.v

Inrevery repeat of the fabric there are two pairs ofpilewarp. threads l,2 and" 3,",l

4, vAssociated with. one pair ofvpilewarp threads is a setof lfourbinder warp threadsKV comprising a pair Iof binders s, t, engaging.

the filling of the. top backing 'and a pairof binders u, o, engaging thefilling ,ofthe bot-r y tom backing. Associated with the other pair of..pile warpthreads is a. set of fourbinding warp threads,v comprising a,pair of binders fw, vengagingthe fillingvoflthe top backing anda ing.the filling p, etc.

pairl of binders y, e, Yengag,- of the bottom backing, The filling orwarp threads are designated ciY to and over three successive weftthreads there.-` 'i of, and thence across to the first backingand so on.This .is a known weave, but infmy specific adaptation thereof the twoadjacent pile warp threads of each pair are` arranged to work exactlyoppositely so that they intersect between the backings, the two pilewarp threads of a pair never, therefore, interlockingwith the same weftthread, but interlocking with corresponding weft threads of the twobackings respectively. The two pile threads of one pair extend in thesame direction as the respective pile threads of the-adjacent Apair ofthe same set, but one pick in advance thereof.

Thus, pile warp thread 2 extends successively outside weft thread a,inside weft thread ZJ and outside weft thread o of the top backing,thence across to the bottom backing, thence successively outside weftthread Z, inside weft thread m and outside weft thread/1t, and thenceacross to the top backing. Pile thread 1 of the samepair extendssuccessively outside weft thread c', inside weft thread y' and outsideweft thread 7c of the bottom backing, thence across to the top backing,thence successively outside weft thread al, inside weft thread e andoutside weft'thread j, and thence across to the bottom backing. The twopile warp threads 1 and 2 intersect between weft threads 0, 7c and al,Z. i

ln the other pair of pile warp threadsof the series, the pile warpthread 3 interlocks with weft threads Z), 0 and UZ of the top backingand m, n and o of the bottom backing, while pile warp thread tinterlocks with weft threads j, 7c and Z of the bottomv backing and weftthreads e, 7 and g of the top backing, the two pile warp threadsintersecting between weft thread oZ, Z and c, m, being therefore onepick in advance of (or behind, dependent upon the order in which theshots of weft are thrown) the pile warp threads 1 and 2.

In weaving the goods, each pair of pile warp threads occupies one dentor split of the reed and the four associated binder warp threads aredrawn in through the same dent or split. The manner of interlacing ofthe binder threads with the weft threads is of importance. Taking thetwo binder warp threads s, t, of the top backing associated with the twopile warp threads 1 and 2: Binder s floats on the outside of weftthreads a, Z) and 0, thenc'e extends successively inside weft thread d,outside weft thread c and inside weft thread f, thence floats outsidethe next three weft threads, binds in the three weft threads followingand so on. Binder t extends successively inside weft thread a, outsideweft thread b and inside weft thread c, lthence floats outside weftthreads (Z, e and 7", binds in the next three weft threads, and so on.lt will thus be seen that one binder, s, always binds in the pile warpthread 1 and floats outside the filling where the pile warp thread 1interlaces with the bottom backing, and that the other companion bindert always binds in the pile warp thread 2 and floats outside the fillingwhere the pile warp thread 2 interlaces with the bottom backing.

rl`he other two binder warp threads u, e, of the same set are similarlyinterlaced with the filling of the bottom backing, and the binder ualways binds in the pile warp thread 1 and the binder o always binds inthe pile warp thread 2.

Binder threads w, w,

y and occupy a- 'similar relation to pile threads 3 and il.

lt will be observed that both binder warp of a set (for example, threadss and t, Fig. 2) extends over or outside each weft thread (for example,thread e) under or within which the adjacent pile warp thread (thread 1)extends. rlhis feature is of importance in that the pile thread, at suchpoint'in the knitting, does not pass from one backing to another, butpasses to the center of the fabric and back again and hence isrelatively slack. ln the event of any irregularity as, for instance, aknot or lump, in thel yarn at this point, the pile thread, if it slidesalong a binder warp thread, may not pull through and produces anirregularity in the goods at this point. ln my improved weave, however,both binder warp threads of a set are on the outside of the fabric atthis point and 'thus afford no obstruction to the free slippage of theyarn.

Having now fully described my invention, what l claim and desire toprotect by Letters Patent is:

1. A pile fabric composed of two backing fabrics comprising weft threadsand pile warp threads all interwoven with the weft threads of bothbackings, the pile threads being arranged in pairs, the threads of eachpair crossing between the backings and ex- 105 tending in oppositedirections backward, forward and backward around successive weft threadsin each backing, the threads of one of said pairs being one pick inadvance of the threads of the adjacent pair; im and four binder warpthreads associated with each pair of pile warp threads, of which two arein each backing, each of the said two binder warp threads of a setextending successively forward, backward and 115 forward around threesuccessive weft threads while its companion thread floats over the backof the same three weft threads, each of said binder threads, where itextends successively forward, backward and 120 forward around threesuccessive weft threads lying adjacent to a pile warp thread whichextends successively backward, forward and backward over the same threesuccessive weft threads.

2. A pile fabric composed of two backing fabrics comprising weftythreads and pile warp threads all interwoven with the weft threads ofboth backings, the pile threads being arranged in sets of two pairseach, the is@ threads of each pair crossing between the backings andextending in opposite directions backward, forward and backward aroundsuccessive weft threads in each backing, the threads of oneof said pairsbeing one pick in advance of the threads of the other pair respectively;and four binder warp threads associated with each pair of pile warpthreads, of which two are in each backing, each of the said two binderwarp threads of a set extending successively forward, backward andforward around three successive weft threads while its companion threadiioats over the back of the same three weft threads, both of said twobinder warp threads of a set being arranged to extend to the back of aweft thread where the adjacent pile thread extends to the front of thesaid weft thread.

3. A cut pile fabric comprisingweft threads, pairs of binder warpthreads, and two sets of cut pile warp threads between each pair ofbinder warp threads; each pile warpthread passes from front to back,then to the front, then to the back, and then to the front labout threesuccessive weft threads, the one set of pile warp threads beingstaggered with relation to the other set, the arrangement being suchthat each thread of a set passes about three successive wefts while thethreads of the other set pass about the next three wefts successively,the one binder warp of each set passes successively from back to frontaround three successive warp threads and then floats over the back ofthe next three wefts, while the other binder warp of said set passesfrom back to front around the three successive yweft threads over whichthe other weft thread ofl said set floats, vand floats 'over the backofv the next three weft threads around which adjacent to a cut pile warpthread whichv is interwoven with the weft'threads together with theadjacent portions of the lcompanion binder warp thread.

4:. A cut threads, pairs of binder warp threads, and two sets of cutwarp threads out of longitudinal alinement, between each pair of binderwarp threads, each pile warp thread passes from the front aboutsuccessive weft threads and back to the front, the threads of one set ofpile warp threads being staggered with relation to the threads of theother set,vpor tions of each binder adjacent to the warp threadsfloating over the back of the weft threads which are interwoven with thepile warp threads, while-the adjacent por# tions of the companion binderwarp threads pile Y pile fabric comprising -weft fare interwoven withthe weft vthreads and n' the pile warp, the arrangement being such thatthe binder warp threads will not pass around the weft threads with anadjacent pile Warp thread.

In testimony of which invention, I have hereunto set my hand, atPhiladelphia, Pa., on this 31sty day of March, 1919.

FREDERICK OTT. j

